Understanding tooth wear: aetiology, diagnosis, and management

Abstract

Tooth wear, or Tooth Surface Loss, affects a substantial cohort of the population. It has a measurable impact on patients’ satisfaction with their appearance, pain levels, oral comfort, and mastication. Furthermore, tooth wear can reflect a more serious medical and/or mental condition, such as: depression, eating disorders, and alcohol and drug dependencies. Moreover, with the projected decrease in edentulism amongst patients, tooth wear management is expected to be part of routine dental practice. The aim of this review is to highlight the importance of understanding and identifying the underlying aetiology of observed tooth wear in patients, the comorbidity of tooth wear and several medical and mental disorders, and the importance of early diagnosis and intervention. Examination, special investigations and diagnosis, arriving at a holistic, multidisciplinary treatment plan will be reviewed. This review will also address the growing trend towards a more conservative approach in managing tooth wear and the evidence supporting such an approach.