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- Publisher Website: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.04.030
- Scopus: eid_2-s2.0-77956338935
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Article: Geomorphologic features related to gravitational collapse: Submarine landsliding to lateral spreading on a Late Miocene-Quaternary slope (SE Crete, eastern Mediterranean)
Title | Geomorphologic features related to gravitational collapse: Submarine landsliding to lateral spreading on a Late Miocene-Quaternary slope (SE Crete, eastern Mediterranean) |
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Authors | |
Keywords | Basal slip planes Eastern Mediterranean Lateral spreading Submarine landsliding Toe thrusting |
Issue Date | 2010 |
Citation | Geomorphology, 2010, v. 123 n. 1-2, p. 13-33 How to Cite? |
Abstract | Detailed geological mapping, complemented by sedimentary facies analysis, photomosaics and topographic measurements (height, width) allowed the investigation of the geomorphological features related to the Late Miocene-Quaternary gravitational collapse of a palaeoslope located in SE Crete (eastern Mediterranean). In the study area, carbonate megablocks indicative of submarine landsliding during the Late Miocene alternate with collapse features more typical of subaerial settings; the latter generated after a major event of tectonic uplift initiated in Crete during the Early-mid Pliocene. Submarine features typically show basal shear zones, rather than planes, generated in near-seafloor strata deformed in ductile form during the gravitational collapse of the megablocks. The lithology of failed carbonate strata differs from that of their basal shear surfaces, a characteristic providing a reliable estimate for the degree and styles of basal deformation during submarine slope instability. Styles of submarine collapse include, by order of magnitude; (i) lateral spreading of fractured segments of fan cones and carbonate sheet flows, eventually transported 100s of metres downslope; (ii) aperture of ravines and chasms in gravitationally unstable fan cones and boulder conglomerates; (iii) gliding of megablocks over a ductile basal layer through a distance of up to several kilometres; and (iv) rolling of subcircular blocks, often within a debris-flow matrix in fan cones and deltas, or embedded in slope siliciclastic strata. This work highlights the existence of prominent 2-10. m basal shear zones in strata underneath the larger megablocks deposited on marine slope strata. Basal shear zones comprise a melange of reworked conglomerates and breccia clasts from overlying megablocks, large ripped blocks of rock and faulted near-seafloor strata, at places showing remnant beds and sand injection features. Consequently, the outcrop data show an average 5:1 ratio between the maximum observed thickness of megablocks and the thickness of basal shear zones (R), a value of similar magnitude to published examples from offshore landslides. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. |
Persistent Identifier | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194286 |
ISSN | 2021 Impact Factor: 4.406 2020 SCImago Journal Rankings: 1.346 |
ISI Accession Number ID |
DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Alves, TM | - |
dc.contributor.author | Lourenço, SDN | - |
dc.date.accessioned | 2014-01-30T03:32:24Z | - |
dc.date.available | 2014-01-30T03:32:24Z | - |
dc.date.issued | 2010 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Geomorphology, 2010, v. 123 n. 1-2, p. 13-33 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 0169-555X | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10722/194286 | - |
dc.description.abstract | Detailed geological mapping, complemented by sedimentary facies analysis, photomosaics and topographic measurements (height, width) allowed the investigation of the geomorphological features related to the Late Miocene-Quaternary gravitational collapse of a palaeoslope located in SE Crete (eastern Mediterranean). In the study area, carbonate megablocks indicative of submarine landsliding during the Late Miocene alternate with collapse features more typical of subaerial settings; the latter generated after a major event of tectonic uplift initiated in Crete during the Early-mid Pliocene. Submarine features typically show basal shear zones, rather than planes, generated in near-seafloor strata deformed in ductile form during the gravitational collapse of the megablocks. The lithology of failed carbonate strata differs from that of their basal shear surfaces, a characteristic providing a reliable estimate for the degree and styles of basal deformation during submarine slope instability. Styles of submarine collapse include, by order of magnitude; (i) lateral spreading of fractured segments of fan cones and carbonate sheet flows, eventually transported 100s of metres downslope; (ii) aperture of ravines and chasms in gravitationally unstable fan cones and boulder conglomerates; (iii) gliding of megablocks over a ductile basal layer through a distance of up to several kilometres; and (iv) rolling of subcircular blocks, often within a debris-flow matrix in fan cones and deltas, or embedded in slope siliciclastic strata. This work highlights the existence of prominent 2-10. m basal shear zones in strata underneath the larger megablocks deposited on marine slope strata. Basal shear zones comprise a melange of reworked conglomerates and breccia clasts from overlying megablocks, large ripped blocks of rock and faulted near-seafloor strata, at places showing remnant beds and sand injection features. Consequently, the outcrop data show an average 5:1 ratio between the maximum observed thickness of megablocks and the thickness of basal shear zones (R), a value of similar magnitude to published examples from offshore landslides. © 2010 Elsevier B.V. | - |
dc.language | eng | - |
dc.relation.ispartof | Geomorphology | - |
dc.subject | Basal slip planes | - |
dc.subject | Eastern Mediterranean | - |
dc.subject | Lateral spreading | - |
dc.subject | Submarine landsliding | - |
dc.subject | Toe thrusting | - |
dc.title | Geomorphologic features related to gravitational collapse: Submarine landsliding to lateral spreading on a Late Miocene-Quaternary slope (SE Crete, eastern Mediterranean) | - |
dc.type | Article | - |
dc.description.nature | link_to_subscribed_fulltext | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.geomorph.2010.04.030 | - |
dc.identifier.scopus | eid_2-s2.0-77956338935 | - |
dc.identifier.volume | 123 | - |
dc.identifier.issue | 1-2 | - |
dc.identifier.spage | 13 | - |
dc.identifier.epage | 33 | - |
dc.identifier.isi | WOS:000282732600002 | - |
dc.identifier.issnl | 0169-555X | - |