Role of radiofrequency ablation for liver malignancies

Abstract

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is commonly used to treat unresectable malignant liver tumours. It can achieve effective local tumour control and the maximal normal liver parenchyma can be preserved. In recent years, there has been a tremendous expansion in the application of RFA for patients with malignant liver tumours. However, the therapeutic effect of this local ablation treatment needs to be balanced against its risks and possible local failure. The present review focuses on the role of RFA for liver malignancies, with special attention to the indication, approaches, complications, survival benefits, combination therapies and comparison with other treatment modalities. Despite favourable results of most clinical studies of RFA, the associated risks and tumour recurrence of this treatment modality should not be underestimated. Careful patient selection, meticulous RFA techniques, and prompt treatment of residual and recurrent tumours are necessary to ensure a better outcome after RFA. Until recently, there has been no strong evidence showing that RFA can replace any other treatment modalities in the management of liver tumours. Nonetheless, more convincing evidence by randomized trials is required for the establishment of a treatment protocol of RFA for patients with liver malignancies.